ABSTRACT
Colorectal cancer is the third common malignancy in the world. Personal habits including life style and nutrition have been proposed as risk factors of colorectal cancer. We conducted this study to assess the nutritional characteristics in colorectal cancer patients in Golestan province of Iran. This case-control study was done on 47 colorectal cancer cases, diagnosed during 2004-05 and 47 healthy controls. A questionnaire containing socio-demographic and nutritional characteristics [FFQ] was filled for each of the participants. Chi square test was used to assess the relationship between variables. In each of the two groups, 40.4% were females and 59.6% were males. The mean +/- SD age of age in cases and controls were 52.4 +/- 13.4 and 52.1 +/- 13.1 years, respectively. Total energy expenditure of higher than 1837.5 Kcal/day was significantly related to colorectal cancer [OR= 3.8; 95% CI: 1.2-11.3]. Colorectal cancer risk was higher in individual with frying cooking method [OR=3; 95% CI: 0.8-11.1]. The risk of colorectal cancer was 6.5 times higher in individuals with fat consumption of higher than 118.5 grams/day [95% CI: 1.5-28.8].No significant relationship was seen between vegetables consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer. This study showed that high total energy expenditure, high fat consumption and using frying method for cooking are risk factors of colorectal cancer in Golestan province in Northern of Iran
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diet , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most prevalent public health problems worldwide (especially in developing countries). AIMS: This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and its co-infection with hepatitis D (HDV) and C (HCV) viruses in the northeastern part of Iran. SETTING AND DESIGN: A population-based cross-sectional study in Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As many as 1,850 subjects were explored for HBsAg. Anti-HDV and anti-HCV antibodies were assessed in HBsAg-positive cases. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Proportions were compared by Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS: The mean age of subjects was 43.86 +/- 11.2 years. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence for HBsAg positivity was 9.7%. It was higher in males than in females (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.9-1.7). The risk of infection in singles was significantly higher than in married cases (OR: 2.13). Eight (5.8%) of HBsAg-positive cases were infected with HDV and 17 (12.3%) were positive for anti-HCV antibody. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the prevalence of HBsAg seropositivity in Golestan province of Iran is higher than the levels reported by WHO and previous studies from Iran. It is very important, especially for health providers and policy makers, to recognize the risk factors of HBV infection and its co-infection with HDV and HCV in this area and design effective preventive programs.